Asset types · Legal form

Debt security

A transferable promise by the issuer to repay a fixed principal: bonds, notes, commercial paper, certificates of deposit, central-bank bills, face-amount certificates.

Announced 4Proof of concept 3Pilot 7Live (limited) 25Live (scaled) 5Inactive 15

Tokenised vs traditional

Each traditional market next to the tokenised assets of the same kind that we track, matched by classification: by what backs the token (a tracker holding shares counts as equities) or by its legal form where the market is defined that way (funds, deposits). Stablecoins are never counted against the markets their reserves are invested in. The tokenised figures are floors (only assets with a known size, and not balances on ledgers that only mirror a register kept elsewhere), so the true shares are somewhat higher, but the order of magnitude is the point.

Tokenised vs traditional marketsTracked tokenised assets as a share of each market (log scale). Tokenised side is a floor: only assets we track with a known size.0.0001%0.001%0.01%0.1%1%10%100%Global debt securities outstandingGlobal · $160.7tn (2025)0.01%$23.91bn tokenised · 1 in 6,722 dollarsUS corporate bonds outstandingUnited States · $11.54tn (2025)0.0022%$251.84m tokenised · 1 in 45,822 dollarsSource: Frontier Adoption, frontieradoption.com, data as of 8 Nov 2026. Market sizes from the sources listed there.
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What each market covers
  • Global debt securities outstanding: Year-end amount of debt securities outstanding issued by governments, financial and non-financial corporations across the countries covered by BIS debt securities statistics, as compiled by SIFMA. Loans and other non-securities debt are excluded; it is not split by issuer type. Tokenised side: 55 tracked assets. Method
  • US corporate bonds outstanding: Year-end amount of US corporate bonds outstanding as compiled by SIFMA. Treasuries, agency debt, municipal securities, mortgage- and asset-backed securities and commercial paper are reported separately and excluded. Tokenised side: 3 tracked assets. Method

Deployments

DeploymentStatusAssetsUse casesLast reviewed
Clearstream D7 digital securities issuanceUpdated 28 Oct 2026
Clearstream
Live (scaled)Reviewed 14d ago
ibet for Fin security token network (BOOSTRY)Updated 18 Oct 2026
BOOSTRY
Live (scaled)Reviewed 21d ago
Kinexys Digital Financing (intraday and term repo)Updated 7 Nov 2026
Kinexys Digital Assets
Live (scaled)Reviewed today
Ondo US Dollar Yield (USDY)Updated 28 Oct 2026
Ondo Finance platform
Live (scaled)Reviewed 11d ago
Progmat security token platformUpdated 18 Oct 2026
Progmat
Live (scaled)Reviewed 21d ago
Africa Finance Corporation digital CHF bond on SDXNew
SIX Digital Exchange (SDX)
Live (limited)Reviewed 14d ago
Axiology DLT trading and settlement system (digital bonds)New
Axiology
Live (limited)Reviewed 21d ago
Berlin Hyp blockchain Pfandbrief on SWIATNew
SWIAT
Live (limited)Reviewed 14d ago
Bitfinex Securities tokenised securities platform (Liquid Network)New
Bitfinex Securities
Live (limited)Reviewed 22d ago
Canton of Basel-Stadt digital bond on SDXUpdated 28 Oct 2026
SIX Digital Exchange (SDX)
Live (limited)Reviewed 14d ago
Canton of Zurich digital bond on SDX
SIX Digital Exchange (SDX)
Live (limited)Reviewed 14d ago
City of Lugano digital bonds on SDXUpdated 28 Oct 2026
SIX Digital Exchange (SDX)
Live (limited)Reviewed 14d ago
City of St. Gallen digital bond on SDX
SIX Digital Exchange (SDX)
Live (limited)Reviewed 14d ago
DTCC Tokenization ServiceUpdated 7 Nov 2026
DTCC ComposerX
Live (limited)Reviewed 1d ago
EIB digital bonds on GS DAPUpdated 28 Oct 2026
GS DAP
Live (limited)Reviewed 14d ago
ESM digital bond programme on D7/PontesNew
Clearstream
Live (limited)Reviewed today
Euroclear D-FMI digitally native notes (multi-issuer)Updated 28 Oct 2026
Euroclear Digital Securities Issuance (D-SI)
Live (limited)Reviewed 14d ago
Figure YLDS yield-bearing dollar tokenNew
Figure
Live (limited)Reviewed 13d ago
Guggenheim Treasury Services Digital Commercial Paper (DCP)New
Zeconomy
Live (limited)Reviewed 21d ago
HQLAX and Deutsche Börse collateral basket swaps (Eurex Repo)Updated 7 Nov 2026
HQLAX Digital Collateral Registry
Live (limited)Reviewed 13d ago
HSBC Orion digital bond issuanceUpdated 17 Oct 2026
HSBC Orion
Live (limited)Reviewed 14d ago
KfW blockchain bonds (crypto securities under the eWpG)Updated 15 Oct 2026
Cashlink
Live (limited)Reviewed 24d ago
Natixis Pfandbriefbank digital registered covered bond on SWIATNew
SWIAT
Live (limited)Reviewed 22d ago
NRW.BANK blockchain bond on Polygon (crypto security under the eWpG)New
Cashlink
Live (limited)Reviewed 14d ago
Sachsen-Anhalt state crypto bond on SWIATNew
SWIAT
Live (limited)Reviewed 14d ago
SiriHub2 real-estate-backed investment token (XSpring Digital)New
XSpring Digital
Live (limited)Reviewed 12d ago
SIX Group dual-part digital bond on SDXNew
SIX Digital Exchange (SDX)
Live (limited)Reviewed 14d ago
Société Générale security token bonds via SG-FORGEUpdated 17 Oct 2026
SG-FORGE security token platform
Live (limited)Reviewed 14d ago
World Bank digital CHF bond on SDX
SIX Digital Exchange (SDX)
Live (limited)Reviewed 25d ago
World Bank digitally native notes on Euroclear D-FMI
Euroclear Digital Securities Issuance (D-SI)
Live (limited)Reviewed 14d ago
Canton Network on-chain US Treasury financing (industry working group)Updated 18 Oct 2026
Digital Asset Canton applications
PilotReviewed 11d ago
CIMB tokenised deposit and tokenised sukuk pilotNew
CIMB Group
PilotReviewed 12d ago
MAS Singapore dollar wholesale CBDC live trialsUpdated 15 Oct 2026
Monetary Authority of Singapore
PilotReviewed 24d ago
Project Trinity stablecoin DvP for security token secondary tradesNew
Progmat
PilotReviewed 13d ago
SEBI Demat 2.0 tokenised corporate bond pilotNew
National Securities Depository Limited
PilotReviewed 13d ago
UBS Tokenize notes and warrants (Asia Pacific)New
UBS Tokenize
PilotReviewed 13d ago
UOB digital bond pilot on MarketnodeNew
Marketnode
PilotReviewed 13d ago
Bank of England Synchronisation LabNew
Bank of England
Proof of conceptReviewed 13d ago
Euroclear and Digital Asset tokenised collateral on Canton
Digital Asset Canton applications
Proof of conceptReviewed 1d ago
Norges Bank CBDC and tokenisation sandboxNew
Norges Bank
Proof of conceptReviewed 21d ago
ClearToken CSD Digital Securities Depository (CT Register)Updated 26 Oct 2026
ClearToken
AnnouncedReviewed 13d ago
CSD Prague DLT settlement systemUpdated 7 Nov 2026
Central Securities Depository Prague
AnnouncedReviewed 1d ago
MUFG on-chain Japanese government bond repo (Canton)Updated 8 Nov 2026
Digital Asset Canton applications
AnnouncedReviewed today
UK Digital Gilt Instrument (DIGIT) pilotUpdated 15 Oct 2026
HSBC Orion
AnnouncedReviewed 24d ago
Banco Central do Brasil Drex pilot (tokenisation platform with wholesale CBDC)New
Banco Central do Brasil
InactiveReviewed 17d ago
Cassa Depositi e Prestiti digital bond on Polygon (2024)New
Cassa Depositi e Prestiti
InactiveReviewed 24d ago
EIB digital bond on public EthereumUpdated 18 Oct 2026
SG-FORGE security token platform
InactiveReviewed 21d ago
EIB digital Climate Awareness Bond on so|bondUpdated 14 Oct 2026
Crédit Agricole CIB
InactiveReviewed 24d ago
Eurosystem exploratory work on wholesale DLT settlement in central bank moneyUpdated 28 Oct 2026
European Central Bank
InactiveReviewed 24d ago
Hong Kong government tokenised green bond on GS DAP (2023)Updated 14 Oct 2026
GS DAP
InactiveReviewed 25d ago
Philippines tokenised treasury bonds (2023)New
Bureau of the Treasury (Philippines)
InactiveReviewed 13d ago
Republic of Slovenia digital bond on BNP Paribas Neobonds (2024)New
BNP Paribas Neobonds
InactiveReviewed 24d ago
Santander end-to-end blockchain bond on Ethereum
Banco Santander
InactiveReviewed 22d ago
SARB Project Khokha 2 (tokenised debentures and wholesale CBDC)New
Accenture
InactiveReviewed 17d ago
Siemens digital bond on PolygonUpdated 14 Oct 2026
Hauck Aufhäuser Lampe
InactiveReviewed 22d ago
Siemens digital bond on SWIATUpdated 14 Oct 2026
SWIAT
InactiveReviewed 22d ago
UBS digital bond on SDXUpdated 28 Oct 2026
SIX Digital Exchange (SDX)
InactiveReviewed 22d ago
Vonovia digital registered bond on StellarNew
firstwire
InactiveReviewed 17d ago
World Bank Bond-i blockchain bondUpdated 28 Oct 2026
Commonwealth Bank of Australia
InactiveReviewed 27d ago

Assets

89 assets. Classified from issuance terms, regulator registers and CFI codes under the classification rules.

AssetIssuerUnderlyingBehaviourConfidence
Africa Finance Corporation 5-year CHF 350m digital bond on SDX, 2026Africa Finance CorporationSupranational debtFixed incomehigh
AIIB USD 300m 4.0% digitally native note on Euroclear D-FMI, 2024Asian Infrastructure Investment BankSupranational debtFixed incomehigh
Akbank USD 100m 5-year digital gender bond on Euroclear D-FMI, 2025AkbankCorporate debtFixed incomelow
Alternative (Mikro Kapital) 10% USDT tokenised bond, ALT2612 (ALT2612)MK Global Kapital (Mikro Kapital)Private creditFixed incomelow
Banco Santander USD 20m 1-year blockchain bond on Ethereum, 2019Banco SantanderCorporate debtFixed incomelow
Berlin Hyp EUR 100m 2.75% blockchain Pfandbrief on SWIAT, 2024Berlin HypCorporate debtFixed incomehigh
Caisse des Dépôts EUR 100m digitally native note on Euroclear D-FMI, 2024Caisse des DepotsGovernment debtFixed incomehigh
Canton of Basel-Stadt CHF 105m 4-year digital bond on SDX, 2023Canton of Basel-StadtGovernment debtFixed incomemedium
Canton of Zurich CHF 100m 11-year digital bond on SDX, 2023Canton of ZurichGovernment debtFixed incomehigh
Cassa Depositi e Prestiti EUR 25m 3.633% digital bond on Polygon, 2024Cassa Depositi e PrestitiGovernment debtFixed incomelow
CIMB Islamic tokenised senior sukuk wakalah, RM1.38bn, 2026CIMB GroupCorporate debtFixed incomelow
City of Lugano CHF 100m 10-year digital bond on SDX, 2024City of LuganoGovernment debtFixed incomehigh
City of Lugano CHF 100m 10-year digital bond, 2026City of LuganoGovernment debtFixed incomemedium
City of Lugano CHF 100m 6-year digital bond on SDX, 2023City of LuganoGovernment debtFixed incomehigh
City of Lugano CHF 100m 7-year digital bond on SDX, 2025City of LuganoGovernment debtFixed incomehigh
City of Lugano CHF 120m 9-year digital bond on SDX, 2024City of LuganoGovernment debtFixed incomehigh
City of St. Gallen CHF 100m 3-year digital bond on SDX, 2024City of St. GallenGovernment debtFixed incomehigh
Daiwa Securities Group JPY 1bn 1-year security token bond on Progmat, 2024Daiwa SecuritiesCorporate debtFixed incomemedium
Doha Bank USD 150m floating-rate digitally native notes on Euroclear D-FMI, 2025Doha BankCorporate debtFixed incomelow
EIB 2-year EUR 100m digital bond, 2021European Investment BankSupranational debtFixed incomehigh
EIB 2-year EUR 100m Project Venus digital bond, 2022European Investment BankSupranational debtFixed incomehigh
EIB EUR 100m 3-year 2.36% digital bond on HSBC Orion, 2024European Investment BankSupranational debtFixed incomehigh
EIB EUR 100m 5-year digital bond on GS DAP, 2024European Investment BankSupranational debtFixed incomehigh
EIB GBP 50m SONIA-linked digital bond on HSBC Orion, 2023European Investment BankSupranational debtFixed incomemedium
EIB SEK 1bn digital Climate Awareness Bond on so|bond, 2023European Investment BankSupranational debtFixed incomelow
Emirates NBD AED 1bn 3-year fixed-rate digitally native notes on Euroclear D-FMI, 2026Emirates NBDCorporate debtFixed incomelow
ESM EUR 1 billion digital bond, 2026European Stability MechanismGovernment debtFixed incomemedium
First Abu Dhabi Bank AED 1bn 5.75% 3-year digitally native green notes on Euroclear D-FMI, 2026First Abu Dhabi BankCorporate debtFixed incomemedium
First Abu Dhabi Bank USD 100m 3-year floating-rate digital bond on HSBC Orion, 2025First Abu Dhabi BankCorporate debtFixed incomelow
Grand Duchy of Luxembourg 10-year digital benchmark bond on D7, 2026Luxembourg State Treasury (Trésorerie de l'État)Government debtFixed incomehigh
Guggenheim Treasury Services Digital Commercial Paper (DCP)Great Bridge Capital CompanyGovernment debtFixed incomelow
Hana Bank USD 100m 5-year floating-rate digitally native notes on Euroclear D-FMI, 2026Hana BankCorporate debtFixed incomelow
Hitachi JPY 10bn 5-year green digital track bond on ibet for Fin, 2023HitachiCorporate debtFixed incomehigh
HKSAR Government EUR 300m 4-year digital green bond on HSBC Orion, 2025Government of the Hong Kong SARGovernment debtFixed incomehigh
HKSAR Government EUR 450m 4-year digital green bond on HSBC Orion, 2026Government of the Hong Kong SARGovernment debtFixed incomehigh
HKSAR Government EUR 80m 2-year digital green bond on HSBC Orion, 2024Government of the Hong Kong SARGovernment debtFixed incomehigh
HKSAR Government HKD 2.5bn 2-year digital green bond on HSBC Orion, 2025Government of the Hong Kong SARGovernment debtFixed incomehigh
HKSAR Government HKD 2bn 2-year digital green bond on HSBC Orion, 2024Government of the Hong Kong SARGovernment debtFixed incomehigh
HKSAR Government HKD 5.5bn 2-year digital green bond on HSBC Orion, 2026Government of the Hong Kong SARGovernment debtFixed incomehigh
HKSAR Government HKD 800m 1-year tokenised green bond on GS DAP, 2023Government of the Hong Kong SARGovernment debtFixed incomemedium
HKSAR Government RMB 1.5bn 2-year digital green bond on HSBC Orion, 2024Government of the Hong Kong SARGovernment debtFixed incomemedium
HKSAR Government RMB 2.5bn 5-year digital green bond on HSBC Orion, 2025Government of the Hong Kong SARGovernment debtFixed incomehigh
HKSAR Government RMB 7.5bn 5-year digital green bond on HSBC Orion, 2026Government of the Hong Kong SARGovernment debtFixed incomemedium
HKSAR Government USD 200m 2-year digital green bond on HSBC Orion, 2024Government of the Hong Kong SARGovernment debtFixed incomehigh
HKSAR Government USD 200m 3-year digital green bond on HSBC Orion, 2026Government of the Hong Kong SARGovernment debtFixed incomehigh
HKSAR Government USD 300m 3-year digital green bond on HSBC Orion, 2025Government of the Hong Kong SARGovernment debtFixed incomehigh
IDB GBP 5m 15-month digital bond on HSBC Orion, 2025Inter-American Development BankSupranational debtFixed incomelow
İşbank USD 100m 5-year digitally native note on Euroclear D-FMI, 2025Türkiye İş BankasıCorporate debtFixed incomelow
Japan Exchange Group JPY 500m green digital track bond on ibet for Fin, 2022Japan Exchange GroupCorporate debtFixed incomehigh
KfW EUR 100m 3.125% crypto security bond on Polygon, 2024KfWGovernment debtFixed incomehigh
KfW EUR 100m crypto security bond (third blockchain bond), 2026KfWGovernment debtFixed incomehigh
KfW EUR 3bn 7-year benchmark bond as central register security on D7, 2024KfWGovernment debtFixed incomelow
KfW EUR 50m 3-month crypto security bond settled via the Trigger Solution, 2024KfWGovernment debtFixed incomehigh
KfW EUR 5bn 3-year benchmark bond as central register security on D7, 2024KfWGovernment debtFixed incomelow
Larsen & Toubro tokenised bond (Demat 2.0, Sep 2026)Larsen & ToubroCorporate debtFixed incomelow
Luxembourg EUR 50m 6-month digital treasury certificates on HSBC Orion, 2025Luxembourg State Treasury (Trésorerie de l'État)Government debtFixed incomemedium
MUFG JPY 10bn subordinated Tier 2 security token bond on Progmat, 2025MUFGCorporate debtFixed incomemedium
Natixis Pfandbriefbank EUR 100m digital registered covered bond on SWIAT, 2024Natixis PfandbriefbankCorporate debtFixed incomelow
NRW.BANK EUR 100m 2.16% crypto bond on Polygon, 2025 (NRW1)NRW.BANKGovernment debtFixed incomehigh
Okasan Securities Group JPY 2bn 1-year security token bond on Progmat, 2023Okasan Securities GroupCorporate debtFixed incomehigh
Ondo US Dollar Yield (USDY)Ondo FinanceGovernment debtNAVlow
Philippines PHP 15bn one-year 6.5% tokenised treasury bonds, 2023Bureau of the Treasury (Philippines)Government debtFixed incomelow
REC Limited tokenised bond (Demat 2.0, Sep 2026)REC LimitedCorporate debtFixed incomelow
Republic of Slovenia EUR 30m 3.65% digital bond, 2024Republic of Slovenia (Ministry of Finance)Government debtFixed incomemedium
Sachsen-Anhalt EUR 100m crypto bond on SWIAT, 2026Land Sachsen-AnhaltGovernment debtFixed incomehigh
SBI Holdings JPY 10bn 3-year retail security token bond (SBI START bond) on ibet for Fin, 2026SBI HoldingsCorporate debtFixed incomemedium
SBI Securities JPY 100m 1-year security token bond on ibet for Fin, 2021SBI SecuritiesCorporate debtFixed incomehigh
Siemens EUR 300m 1-year digital bond on SWIAT, 2024SiemensCorporate debtFixed incomelow
Siemens EUR 60m 1-year digital bond on Polygon, 2023SiemensCorporate debtFixed incomelow
SiriHub2 TokenXSpring DigitalReal estateFixed incomelow
SIX Group CHF 150m 0.125% dual-part digital bond 2021-2026SIXCorporate debtFixed incomehigh
Société Générale EUR 10m 3-year digital green bond on Ethereum, 2023Société GénéraleCorporate debtFixed incomehigh
Societe Generale SFH EUR 100m OFH covered bond security token, 2019Société GénéraleCorporate debtFixed incomelow
Societe Generale SFH EUR 40m OFH covered bond tokens settled in CBDC, 2020Société GénéraleCorporate debtFixed incomemedium
Société Générale SOFR-linked short-term digital notes on Canton, 2025Société GénéraleCorporate debtFixed incomelow
Standard Chartered USD 200m 3-year floating-rate digitally native notes on Euroclear D-FMI, 2026Standard CharteredCorporate debtFixed incomelow
Tokenised MAS Bill TD26100F (one-week), 2026Monetary Authority of SingaporeGovernment debtFixed incomehigh
Tokenised MAS Bill TD26101Z (two-week), 2026Monetary Authority of SingaporeGovernment debtFixed incomehigh
Toyota Finance JPY 1bn 1-year security token bond (Toyota Wallet ST bond) on Progmat, 2025Toyota FinanceCorporate debtFixed incomelow
Toyota Finance JPY 1bn 1-year security token bond (TOYOTA Wallet Tsumugu Bond) on ibet for Fin, 2026Toyota FinanceCorporate debtFixed incomelow
UBS CHF 375m 3-year digital bond on SDX, 2022UBSCorporate debtFixed incomehigh
UBS USD 50m 6-month tokenised fixed-rate note, 2022UBSCorporate debtFixed incomelow
UK Digital Gilt Instrument (DIGIT) pilot issue (planned)HM TreasuryGovernment debtFixed incomelow
UOB SGD 600m 2.55% perpetual AT1 securities piloted on Marketnode, 2021UOBCorporate debtFixed incomelow
Vonovia EUR 20m 3-year digital registered bond on Stellar, 2021 (VNA1)VonoviaCorporate debtFixed incomelow
World Bank 2-year AUD bond-i blockchain Kangaroo bond, 2018World BankSupranational debtFixed incomehigh
World Bank 3-year EUR 100m digitally native note on Euroclear D-FMI, 2023World BankSupranational debtFixed incomehigh
World Bank 7-year CHF 200m digital bond on SDX, 2024World BankSupranational debtFixed incomehigh
YLDS (YLDS)FigureGovernment debtStable valuemedium